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Bhutta, Khalid Mehmood: Spin dependent transport in continuous and discontinuous CoFeB/MgO heterostructures. 2009
Inhalt
Introduction
Theoretical Background
Ferromagnetism
Spin Dependent Transport
Spin Dependent Transport in Bulk Materials
Spin Dependent Transport in Ordered Systems
Giant Magnetoresistance
Tunneling Magnetoresistance
Spin Dependent Transport in Disordered Heterogeneous Systems
Role of the Barrier in Spin Dependent Tunneling
Granular Conductivity
Experimental Investigations
Experimental Techniques
Magnetron Sputtering
Annealing
DC Resistivity and Magnetoresistance Measurements
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Alternating Gradient Magnetometer (AGM)
High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy
Atomic Force Microscopy
Contact Mode
Non-Contact Mode
Conducting Atomic Force Microscope
Power Supply
I/V Convertor
Conducting Tips
Contact Force
Aspects of CAFM
Characterization of MgO Tunnel Barriers
Introduction
Characterization of Barrier
X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy
Decoration of Pinholes by Electrodeposition of Copper
Rowell's Criteria
Conducting Atomic Force Microscopy
Measurement of the Contact Resistance
Area of the Contact Spot
Hotspots
Characterization of an MgO Tunnel Barrier on Ru Bottom Electrode
Sample Preparation
Results and Discussion
Characterization of MgO Tunnel Barrier in Half Finished Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Sample Preparation
Results and Discussion
Statistical Analysis
Comparison of Hotspots, Resistance and Resistance Area Product with Complete MTJ's
Effect of Interface Roughness in Resistance of Barrier
Effect of Air on Hotspot Density
Conclusion
Discontinuous Multilayers of CoFeB/MgO
Granular System
Influence of CoFeB Layers Thickness on Electric and Magnetotransport Properties
Sample Preparation
Structural Characterization
Magnetic Properties
Transport Measurements
Influence of the MgO Layer Thickness on Electric and Magnetotransport Properties
Sample Preparation
Results and Discussion
Higher Order Tunneling at Low Temperature
Coulomb Gap
Effect of Annealing
Effect of Long Duration Annealing
Effect of High Temperature Annealing
Conclusion
Summery and Outlook