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Wiese, Nils: Coupling phenomena and scalability of CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB sandwiches. 2006
Inhalt
Introduction
Theory
Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR)
Tunneling phenomena in thin film systems
Spin-dependent tunneling phenomena
Typical stack systems for TMR experiments
Interlayer exchange coupling
Coupling through non-magnetic spacer layers
Exchange Bias
Néel coupling
Direct ferromagnetic coupling via pinholes
Stray field or dipolar coupling
Magnetization reversal in sub-micrometer magnetic elements
Stoner-Wohlfarth
Demagnetization factors
Coercivity in dependence on aspect ratio
Switching of sub-micrometer sized AFi layers
Spin-flop switching scheme
Spin-transfer switching
Micromagnetic simulation
Preparation and characterization
Sample preparation and corresponding techniques
Thin film deposition
Lithography
Characterization techniques
Alternating Gradient Magnetometery (AGM)
Magneto-optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) Magnetometery
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and electron beam lithography
X-Ray Diffractometery (XRD)
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
Atomic Force Microscopy, Magnetic Force Microscopy (AFM/MFM)
Results and discussion
Unpatterned CoFe/Ru/CoFe and CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB
Experimental and simulated magnetization loops
Coupling versus spacer thickness
Dependence of coercivity on Q value
Annealing temperature dependence and stability
Temperature dependence of AF coupling
Structural investigations on CoFeB
XRD measurements
HR-TEM images
Transport properties
MTJ with CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB based soft electrode
Improvements of TMR with amorphous CoFeB electrodes
Sub-micrometer sized CoFeB/Ru/CoFeB elements
Micromagnetic simulation
Experimental results and discussion
Spin-flop switching
MFM on sub-micrometer scaled elements
Exchange bias
Suitability of CoFeB based AFis as a hard magnetic electrode
Sub-micrometer scaled, CoFeB based hard electrodes
Summary
NanoMOKE2™
Overview
Specifications
Hardware modifications
Temperature stage
Simultaneous measurement of Kerr and magneto-transport signal
Strain sensor
Software add-ons
Automated asteroid measurement and evaluation
Position dependent measurement (Mapping)
Alignment
Field Calibration
Acknowledgement
References