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Schotter, Jörg: Development of a magnetoresistive biosensor for the detection of biomolecules. 2004
Inhalt
Introduction
Biochips: idea and applications
Classification of biosensor types
Detection methods employing markers
Fluorescent detection
Nanoparticle based detection
Electrochemical detection
Radioactive detection
Marker-free detection methods
Mass sensitive detection
Charge sensitive detection
Refractive index sensitive detection
Electrochemical oxidation of guanine bases
Magnetic biosensors
Summery
Preparation and analytical tools
Film deposition
Vacuum furnace
Lithography
Resists and processing chemicals
Electron-beam lithography
Optical lithography
Etching
Energy dispersive X-ray sensor (EDX)
Film thickness measurement system
Atomic force microscope (AFM)
Magneto-transport measurements
Alternating gradient magnetometer (AGM)
Magnetic markers
Basic requirements for magnetic markers in biosensors
Structure and common applications of magnetic microspheres
Principles of magnetic microsphere detection
Choosing microspheres as magnetic markers
Molecular recognition to biotin-labeled test DNA
Magnetic properties
Conclusions
Outlook: ferromagnetic nanoparticles as magnetic markers
The surface of the magnetic biosensor
Passivation of the sensor
Probe-DNA immobilization
GMR-type magnetic biosensor
GMR theory
Interlayer exchange coupling
Introduction
Quantum well model
Phenomenological model
Giant Magnetoresistance
Sensor layout and characteristics
OOMMF model
Detection of magnetic markers
Reference signal
Response to magnetic markers
Dependence of the sensor signal on the marker coverage
Conclusions
TMR-type magnetic biosensor
TMR theory
Introduction
Tunneling through a barrier
Tunneling magnetoresistance
Exchange bias
Orange peel coupling
Sensor layout
Sensor characteristics
OOMMF model
Detection of magnetic markers
Perpendicular field method
Observation of the full free layer hysteresis curve
Conclusions
Comparison of GMR- and TMR-type magnetic biosensors
DNA-detection and comparison to fluorescent method
Outline of the experiment
Comparison of the signals
Summery and Outlook
Bibliography
Acknowledgements