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Lükermann, Florian: Plasmon supported defect absorption in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells and devices. 2013
Inhalt
Abstract
Kurzzusammenfassung
List of Figures
Introduction
Fundamentals
Solar Cells - Fundamental Principles
Solar Spectral Radiation
Electronic states in semiconductors
Spectral Loss Mechanisms in Solar Cells
Recombination of Charge Carriers
Solar Cell Dark Current Characteristics
Solar Cell Characteristics Under Illumination
Solar Cell Parameters
Impurity Photovoltaic Effect
Thin Film Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells
Structural and Electronic Properties of a-Si:H
Optical Properties of a-Si:H
a-Si:H Solar Cell Devices
Thin Film Deposition
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD)
Growth of Thin Films
Metal Nanoparticles and Localized Surface Plasmons
Spherical Nanoparticles - Mie Theory
Calculations with Mie theory
Quasi-static approximation
Non spherical nanoparticles
Damping of LSP resonances
Experimental Methods
Deposition Techniques
Silicon Deposition with PECVD
Deposition of Metal Films and Nanoparticle Agglomerates
Characterization Methods
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Transmission Electron Microscopy
Atomic Force Microscopy
Measurement of Layer Thickness
Sheet Resistance Measurement
Optical Spectroscopy - UV/Vis/NIR
X-Ray Diffraction
Dark Conductivity Measurements
Raman Spectroscopy
Solar Cell Characterization
Summary
Analysis of Ag NP films
Initial Silver Film Formation
Investigation of Annealed Ag NP Films
Morphology of Annealed Ag NP Island Films
Optical Properties of Annealed Ag NP Island Films
Summary
Ag NPs in Thin Film Silicon Solar Cell Devices
Basic Device Design
Influence of Ag NPs on electrical device properties
Influence of Ag NPs on the Spectral Response of a-Si:H Devices
Existing Model for the Metal NP Induced Sub-Bandgap Response
Origin of participating inner gap states
Ag NPs Embedded in ZnO
Ag NPs Embedded in Amorphous Silicon
Ag NPs Inside the Intrinsic Layer of a-Si:H n-i-p Devices
Modified Model for the Ag NP Induced Sub-Bandgap Response
Influencing Circumstances on Plasmon Enhanced Defect Absorption
Influence of Extracting Field
Influence of Particle Size on Sub-Bandgap Response
Influence of the Fermi Level on Sub-Bandgap Response
Influence of Oxidation and Post NP Processing - Choice of Deposition Sequence
Ag NPs in µc-Si:H Devices
Ag NP Induced Losses in the a-Si:H Strong Absorption Regime
Summary
Conclusions
Appendix
Appendix
Development of Thin Film Sputter Deposition on Large Area Substrates
Development of a Laboratory UHV Multi-Chamber Sputter System
Setup of the System
Control and Automation of Components
Characterization of Sputter Processes
Bibliography
Publications related to this work
Conference contributions
Curriculum Vitae (Lebenslauf)
Acknowledgments (Danksagung)