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Cozzi, Dario: Run-time reconfigurable, fault-tolerant FPGA systems for space applications. 2016
Inhalt
Introduction
DRPM
INDRA2
OLTRE
Organization
Background
SRAM-based FPGA Architecture
Terminology
Clock Regions
Programmable Interconnection Points (PIPs)
Configuration Memory (Bitstream)
Routing Physical Wires
Xilinx FPGA families
Space-Grade devices
Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration
Benefits
FPGA partitioning
Communication Infrastructure in a PR system
Embedded Macros
Xilinx Design Flow
ISE
FPGA Editor
XDL tool
Vivado
Radiation Effects
Single Event Effects
Total Ionizing Dose
Radiation Sensitiveness on SRAM-based FPGAs
Permanent Faults in Routing Resources
State of the Art
XDL-based databases and APIs
ReCoBus and GoAhead
RapidSmith
Torc
Tincr
Comparison
Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration Tools
Xilinx ISE DPR
INDRA
ReCoBus and GoAhead
OpenPR
Dreams
Comparison
Reconfiguration in Space Applications
DPR research platforms
In-flight reconfigurable space-missions
Commercial FPGAs in Space
Comparison
Testing of Routing Resources
Fault Detection mechanism
Off-line application-independent testing
On-line application-independent testing
Motivation
Summary
Dynamically Reconfigurable Processing Module
System Architecture
RAPTOR-X64
DB-SPACE
DB-V4
Memory Resources
DRPM Software
Software Structure
HMPCI
Related Works
Inter-Processor Communication Interface
HMPCI Interactions
Inter-Processor Communication Protocol Details
Using the Inter-Processor Communication Interface
HMPCI on the DRPM
Experiment Results
Summary
DRPM Evaluation and Validation Environment
Avionic Interfaces Testing
DRPM GUI
Summary
INDRA2
Flow Description
FPGA partitioning
Communication Macro Generation (DHHarMa)
Static PAR and PSrerouter
Dynamic Modules Implementation
Bitstream Generation
DHHarMa
DXF
Xilinx-based front-end
DHHarMa back-end
Output XDL File
PSrerouter
Problem definition
Implementation Idea
Physical Wire Info
Database Creation Flow
Benchmark
PSrerouter flow
Summary
DHHarMa Router
General Purpose Routing Analysis
Virtex-4
Virtex-5
Virtex-6 and Spartan-6
7 Series and Zynq
Homogeneous Routing Base Concepts
Standard Routing Algorithms
Iterative Deepening Depth-First Search algorithm (IDDFS)
Routing Direction and Wrong Direction
Nets Terminology
Net Initialization
Master and Slave Regions
DHHarMa Homogeneous Router Flow
Initialization Phase
Edge Routing Phase
Intra-Routing Phase
DHHarMa Results
Routing Experiment Flow
Routing comparison
DRPM communication infrastructure
Further Applications of the Homogeneous Router
Summary
OLTRE
Flow Structure
The OLTRE CAD Flow
Design-time Test Generation Sub-flow
Run-time Test Execution Sub-flow
Circuits for Testing of Permanent Faults
The 8-NUT Hard-Macro
Routing Faults Test Principles
Graph Model of FPGA
Stuck-at Coverage
Stuck-off Coverage
Stuck-on Coverage
RRA
Testability of the Routing Resources
RRA Flow
TCI Analysis
TCD Analysis
Result Output
The U-TURN Place-and-Route Algorithm
The TPG & ORA Placer
The N-UT Router
Results
Test Circuit Validation
Design-time Performance Analysis
Run-time Performance Analysis
Summary
Conclusion and Outlook
Outlook
List of Figures
List of Tables
Acronyms
Bibliography
Advised Thesis
Author's Publications