Public Mental Health Background:
Due to its early manifestation and prevalent chronic course, schizophrenia has a major impact on patients and health policy. Early detection and intervention is expected to have a positive effect on the outcome. Since the nineties, especially the concept of the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has gained special interest. As we provide a well-equipped specialized mental health care system in Bielefeld, we assumed DUP to be short in contrast to other cities and regions. But is there also an association between DUP and outcome? In addition we analysed severity of symptoms at baseline as these are also associated with outcome.
Method:
The present investigation represents a cohort study with a one year follow-up. 50 first-episode psychosis patients with schizophrenia were submitted to careful examination by means of clinically relevant and well-established instruments.
Results:
Our results revealed a short DUP of 8 weeks (median) and 10,44 weeks + 8,29 (mean). Furthermore, in our population DUP and psychopathology at baseline are predictors for one year follow-up outcome: Shorter DUP means substantial improvement of psychopathology, global assessment of functioning and clinical global impression. A more severe psychopathology at baseline is correlated with a greater decrease of symptoms related to one year follow-up.
Discussion:
Study designs to identify DUP as well as the results of these studies are highly heterogeneous. If DUP is directly associated with outcome or rather represents personal characteristics, social environment and early detection qualities of the health care system respectively, is not figured out so far. For ethical and medical reasons but also economical aspects a thorough analysis of early detection and intervention effectiveness is required.