TY  - JOUR
AB  - A key issue for high-resolution frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy imaging in liquids is minimizing the frequency noise, which requires a detailed analysis of the corresponding noise contributions. In this paper, we present a detailed description for modifying a commercial atomic force microscope (Bruker MultiMode V with Nanoscope V controller), aiming at atomic-resolution frequency-modulation imaging in ambient and in liquid environment. Care was taken to maintain the AFMs original stability and ease of operation. The new system builds upon an optimized light source, a new photodiode and an entirely new amplifier. Moreover, we introduce a home-built liquid cell and sample holder as well as a temperature-stabilized isolation chamber dedicated to low-noise imaging in liquids. The success of these modifications is measured by the reduction in the deflection sensor noise density from initially 100 fm/root Hz to around 10 fm/root Hz after modification. The performance of our instrument is demonstrated by atomically resolved images of calcite taken under liquid conditions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3606399]
DA  - 2011
DO  - 10.1063/1.3606399
KW  - amplifiers
KW  - atomic force microscopy
KW  - calcium compounds
KW  - frequency
KW  - modulation
KW  - image resolution
KW  - noise
KW  - optical sensors
KW  - photodiodes
KW  - sample holders
LA  - eng
IS  - 7
PY  - 2011
SN  - 0034-6748
T2  - Review of Scientific Instruments
TI  - Modification of a commercial atomic force microscopy for low-noise, high-resolution frequency-modulation imaging in liquid environment
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-29138218
Y2  - 2024-11-22T07:41:25
ER  -