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Vovk, Vitaliy: Thermal stability of Py/Cu and Co/Cu giant magnetoresistance (GMR) multilayer systems. 2007
Inhalt
Summary
Introduction
Theoretical background
Magnetic interactions in thin film systems
Orange peel (Néel type) coupling
Interlayer exchange coupling
Magnetoresistance (MR) effects
Ordinary- (OMR) and anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR)
Giant magnetoresistance (GMR)
Tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR)
Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR)
Aspects of thin film growth and microstructure evolution
Surface- and interface energy
Deposition modes and film microstructure
Classification of stresses in thin films
Stresses in polycrystalline films
Stresses in epitaxial systems
Texture evolution during recrystallization
Linear elasticity theory
Experimental methods
Introduction to field ion microscopy (FIM) and tomographic atom probe (TAP) methods
FIM
Tip radius determination
Shaft-angle estimation
TAP
Volume data reconstruction
TAP analysis of inhomogeneous thin film specimens
X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization
Sample preparation
Specimens for FIM/TAP (curved substrate geometry).
Specimens for XRD/TEM (planar substrate geometry).
Ion beam sputtering technique
Thermal treatment
Thermal behavior of Co/Cu multilayer system as studied by TAP
Substrate tip characterization
FIM analysis
TAP analysis
Characterization of as-prepared state
Thermally induced interface faceting
Co breakthrough through Cu layers due to layer faceting transformation
Co breakthrough through Cu layers at grain boundaries
Layer interpenetration in the later annealing steps
Texture transformation under annealing
Experimental background
Microstructure characterization of Py/Cu system
Texture evolution under annealing
Driving force for texture reorientation
Discussion
Mechanisms of GMR deterioration in a Co/Cu multilayer system
Morphological transformations
Mismatch induced recrystallization of Py/Cu and Co/Cu multilayer systems
Anisotropic elastic energy
Anisotropic interfacial/surface energy
Comparison of elastic and interfacial/surface energy gains during the texture reorientation
Conclusions
Appendices
Auxiliary tables for TAP acquisition data evaluation
Equilibrium binary alloy phase diagrams
GMR multilayer systems investigated during preliminary study
List of tables
Bibliography
Publications and conferences
Acknowledgements