The rising utilization of non-fossil-based raw materials in the chemical industry initiates the transformation path to a more sustainable and less greenhouse gas (GHG) emission-intensive way of producing consumer goods. In this review, the focus of alternative, large-scale synthesis routes for bulk chemicals by the example of 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and formaldehyde from fossil and non-fossil feedstocks-based production processes are discussed. Furthermore, options to lower GHG emissions from scope 1-3 in the corresponding examples are presented and regional and regulatory aspects are discussed. Finally, the demands and needs for sustainable production of BDO and formaldehyde are shown research-, technology-, feedstock-, and regulatory-wise.