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Henkenjohann, Sigrun: Highly sensitive fluorescent methods for the detection of enzymes and the determination of their activity by means of specific hydrolases. 2009
Inhalt
Zusammenfassung
Abstract
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
2 Theoretical Background
2.1 Principles of Fluorescence
2.2 Fluorescence Spectroscopy
2.2.1 Fluorophores
2.2.2 Fluorescence Quenching
2.3 Fluorescence Microscopy
2.3.1 Diffraction limited Techniques
2.3.2 Superresolution Techniques
2.4 Enzymes
2.4.1 Interactions between Enzyme and Substrate
2.4.2 Enzyme Characterization
2.4.2.1 Peptidases
2.4.2.2 Nucleases
2.5 Fluorescence based Enzyme Research
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Hardware Devices and Setups
3.1.1 Absorption Spectrometer
3.1.2 Fluorescence Spectrophotometer
3.1.3 Multiplate-Fluorescence Reader
3.1.4 High Performance Liquid Chromatograph - HPLC
3.1.5 Zeiss Laser Scanning Microscope 710 - LSM
3.1.6 Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscope
3.2 Samples and their Preparation
3.2.1 Enzymes and corresponding Buffers
3.2.2 (Fluorescent) Substrates and Modifications
3.2.3 CPA Single Molecule-Localization
3.2.4 Cell Cultures
3.2.5 Chemicals for Immunostaining
3.2.6 Labeling Protocols
3.3 Measurements and Data Evaluation
3.3.1 Hairpin Computation
3.3.2 Ensemble Measurements and Data
3.3.3 Single Molecule Measurements and Data
3.3.4 Live Cell Measurements and Data
3.3.5 LSM Measurements and Data
3.3.6 dSTORM Measurements and Data
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Enzyme Investigations with fluorescent Substrates
4.1.1 Substrate Characterization
4.1.2 Enzyme Kinetics
4.1.3 Michaelis-Menten Kinetics
4.1.4 Determination of Label Effect to Substrate Acceptance
4.1.5 Evaluation of ideal Temperature Settings
4.1.6 Single Molecule Enzyme Localization
4.1.7 Enzymes in Cells
4.2 Enzyme Investigations via Immunostaining
4.2.1 Labeling Methods
4.2.2 DNaseX occurrence in native mammalian Cell Lines
4.2.3 DNaseX occurrence in transfected HEK cells
4.2.4 High Resolution Measurements and Quantification of Membrane-bound DNaseX
5 Conclusion and Outlook
Bibliography
Appendix A - Publications
Appendix B - Protocols
B.1 Protocol for Preparation of Mowiol-DABCO
B.2 Original Labeling Protocol
B.3 Protocol for Examination of labeling Procedure
B.4 Standard labeling Protocol for triple stained mammalian Cells
B.5 Labeling Protocol for dSTORM Measurement
Appendix C - Additional Images
C.1 Mowiol®-DABCO Effect on Fluorescent Labels
C.2 Examination of labeling Procedure - Complete Set of Images
C.3 Complete Set of Images from dSTORM Measurement