The present work describes the treatment of several grouping or segmentation problems from the field of automatic image processing. It is motivated by natural grouping principles which can be observed in human visual perception, like the Gestalt laws of proximity, similarity and closture.
These principles are implemented by pairwise interactions between elementary data structures in a recurrent neural network architecture, the so called Competitive Layer Model (CLM). The main result of the work is the development of an automatic learning method which extracts suitable interaction patterns from exemplary target groupings.