In 2 correlational studies conducted in Santiago de Chile (N1 = 996 and N2 = 841)—with a sample based on quotas

of socioeconomic status, age, and gender—2 hypotheses were tested: (a) that Chileans socialized in different

political context (before, during or after the dictatorship) and who have different political orientations (left, center

or right) exhibit consensus in their historical memory, but differ concerning the evaluation of reparation policies

toward victims of the dictatorship, and (b) that ideological attitudes (authoritarianism, support for democracy, and

orientation towards social dominance) explain differences in the evaluation of the reparation policies. Analysis of

an open question showed consensus between generations and between political groups about considering the coup

d’état in 1973 and the transition to democracy as the central elements of Chilean political history. Results of

structural equation modeling showed that political groups differ in their evaluation of reparation policies (with the

left being more supportive). Dissent was explained by the ideological attitudes underlying the left-right distinction.